Radius to tangent compound angle dresser



July 23,1946. E. v. sTATlA, s 2$404,465

RADIUS*l TO TANGENT COMPOUND ANGLE DRESSER ATTOENE J July 23, 1946. E. v. sTA'rlA, sR

RADIUS To TANGENT 'COMPOUND ANGLE DRESSER Filed sepia; 16,1943v INVENToR. Edwin )./Sfa'z'a S7,-

2 Sheets-Sheet* 2 Arroz/vars. y

` Patented July 23, 1946 .2,404,465I Y RADIUS 'ro TANGENT coMPoUNii ANGLE f nimssnnfi Edwin AVance' Statia, Sr., Royal OakpMich., asv signor of one-half to Edward L. Chapman,`De-.,

troit, Mich.

' Application September y16, 1943, Seria! No.V 5027,63?

The present invention relates to angleV to tan- 4 gent radius dressers, and, more particularly, to av dresser which may be positioned for dressing surfaces cna compound angle.

The primary object ofthe invention isr to pro-l vide a grinding wheel dressing tool which may be easily adjusted to position the cutter for movement on a projected compound angle without necessitating the use of extensive computation and the resultant loss of time.

Another object ofthe invention is t provide a kOther objects and advantages of the-invention will. become apparentduring the cou-rse of the radius tangent dressing tool for grinding wheels i which is extremely accurate and is. particularlyv adapted for high precision work.

Another object of the invention is to provide a dressing tool for grinding wheels whereby the surface of the wheel may be accurately vtrued or dressed on various compound angles Iby unskilled labor or others not having highlyA skilled or technical training whereby the grinding wheel surface' will be conditioned to compensate for irregularities in work pieces resulting in the projection thereof. v

Heretofore it has-been common practice to position grinding wheel truing devices and dressers so that the cutter will movev onra projected compound angle by tilting the base of the dresser and inserting J ohannson or Hoke gauge blocks under the base to produce the necessary compound angle and the movement of the dressing cutter on said angle'. In various pieces of work requiring the grinding wheel to be dressedy so that the work produced therefrom will be of a predetermined angle, the dresser cutter is positioned by height gauges and the' like and various other measurements are made in addition to the positioning of the base by means of gauge blocks, so` that extensive arithmetical calculationsv andy computations are necessary in order to arrive at the' desired setting or angle of the dressing cutter movement.

The above practice is objectionable in that* it consumes considerable time and requires highly skilled and trained mechanics in determining the proper positioning of the dressing cutter to produce the desired projected compound angle'. By providing a dressing cutter as set forth in' the present invention, the above objections and disadvantages are overcome and a dressing cutter is provided which will eliminate the use of gauge blocks and various other gauges'to position the' dresser cutter to move in a projected angle without necessitating the useY of arithmetical computation and without sacrificing the precisionoithe work produced. i

following `description ofthe accompanying drawings, wherein: Y Y .A n Figure 1 is a top plan view of the improved radius to tangent compound dresser illustrating s theV various parts and the arrangement thereof;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional viewfA taken on line 2 2 of Figure ljlooking in the direction ofzthe arrows `andv illustrating in detail various. structural features ofl the radius to tan-l gen-tzompound angle dresser; v

Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the radius to tangent compound` anglek dresser illustrating the same positioned adjacent a grindingwheel withthe cutter presented to the-` operative face thereof showing the manner in which theycutter will movefwith `respect to thel grinding Ywheel to produce an angular surface thereon of aprescribedcompoundv angle;

l Figure 4 is a front elevational View of the radius to tangent angle dresser showing the same in position with respect. to a grinding wheel for dressing the surface on a horizontal plane;

Figure 5 is an end elevational view-of a Work piece which is formed by a particular grinding wheel having predetermined angular faces thereon; Y

Figure 6 is a side elevational view of a work piece diagrammatically illustrating the use thereof under certain conditions; and

Figure 7 is an isometric cross-sectional lView of a grinding wheel having angular surfaces pro,- duced by positioning the radiusI to tangent dressing cutter on a projected compound angle.

In the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration like reference characters will be ein-- ployed to designate like parts throughout, attention is iirstwdirected to Figures 1 to 4 inclusive wherein the reference character 5'will generally be employed to representa base having a substantially flat surface plate 6 secured tc the bottom wall thereof by means of screwsor the like formed therewith an upstanding support Shaving a reinforcing web l0 interconnectingthe standard 9 and base 8. The upper portion of the vertical standard 9 is formed with a cylindrical bearing as at Il which is provided with a horizontal bore I2 for receiving a supporting member.

The supporting member comprises a ltubular sleeve-like member I3 having a circular oir-set i boss I4 adapted tov abut the cylindrical bearing p portion I'I of the vertical standard 9 as is clearly 1 shown in Figure l. circular offset boss .I4 is a stub shaft I3a, Yhaving the outer end thereof screw-threaded as at la for receiving a locking nut or the like as at I5. The locking nut is provided with circumferentially spaced notches I6 for receiving a tool or the liketo facilitate tightening ofthe nut uponY the threaded extension I4 and thereby lock the tubular `supporting sleeve I3 in an adjusted position. The tubular support I3V is provided withY an offset sector-shaped boss I1 having a hori- Zontal bore I8 for receiving' a reciprocating lock` i ing pinV I9 one yend of which islenlarged as at 26 i surface.Y

Formed vintegral with the while the opposite end is knurled as at 2l to pro- `Rot'atably mounted in the bore of the tubular 1 support I3 is anelongated sleeve 22 having al ciri cular flanged portion 23V at one end thereof abutting one end of the tubular support I3 while-the opposite end is threaded as at 24 for receiving an internally threadedlocking collar 25 having diametrlcally opposed recessesY 26 for the reception of a Spanner wrench to facilitate tightening of the threaded collar 25 and the retention of the i elongated sleeve 22 in position'. The extreme free 1 end of the elongated sleeve 22 is slightly reduced in diameter for receiving'a collar 21 upon which f is integrally formed Y a handA wheel 28 knurled j around its circumference to provideahand grasp A` disk-shaped head 29 is secured to the flange 23 of the elongated sleeve `22 by means of boltsl l or the like as at 36 circumferentially spaced about l the axis of the elongated sleeve and said head V29 is provided with an annular recess 3| having an Y overhanging flange 32 spaced from vthe'circular flange 23 to provide a restricted circumferential slot 34. Slidably mounted in the annular groove 3| is the head of an arcuately shaped stop member 35 having a threaded portion for the receptionofa nut or the like to retain the stop in place.

The free end of the slot projects into the path of the enlarged head 20 on the slidingvpin I9 to p facilitate limiting rotation of the head 29 about l a predeterminedarc. The rotary head 29 is pro- 1 vided with a drum portion 36 having a series of circumferentially spaced graduations 31 which I are adapted to register with Vernier graduations `38 on an xarcuately curved plate 39 havingY av flange portion which is attached to the offset sector-shaped boss I1 bymeans of screws or the. like as at 4I.

The rotary head asis provided with a diametrical slide guide 42 upon which is slidably mount- `ed an adjustable rotary head 43 movable diametricallyover the axis of rotation of said elongated sleeve 22. The adjustable rotary head 43 is cut away as at 44 for receiving finely machined be adjusted from time to time to take up any wear between the bevelled surfaces of the slide vide a finger-grasping portion. Thefsliding pin slide guides Y45.

Rotatably mounted in the elongated sleeve 22 is a control shaft 56 having an'enlarged head portion 5I 'at one end thereof which is'adapted Vto slidably operate in an enlarged bora-portion n'andVY formed on said collar is a hand wheel 56 having a knurled peripheral surface' similar to the hand Wheel29. The hand wheel 56 is positioned adjacent the hand Wheel 28' to facilitateV v manipulation of the rotaryhead in two directions in a mannerwhich is shown inv my co-pendlng application Serial No. 459,860, filedKS'JeptemberY 26, 1942, patented December 14, 1943, under No.

A coil spring 51 encircles one end of the shaft 50 and is received in the enlarged -bore 52 so that one endthereof will abut the enlarged head 5I and project the samev in the direction. of the rotary head 29. The enlarged head '5I is provided with a series of gearteeth 58 adapted tomesh with a rack bar 59 secured in a chamfered portion .69 of the vadjustable rotary head 43 ,so that rotation of the shaft 50 as by means of the hand wheel 56 will cause said pinion 58 to mesh with the gear teeth on the rack'bar 59 andv thereby slide the adjustable rotary head 43 diametrically of the axis of the control shaft 56 and along the slide guide 42. 3 Y Y The adjustable rotary head 43 is provided with a bore 6I in axial alignment with the control V shaft and said bore is provided with a recess 62 having a bevelled portion 63 for the reception of an integral projection 64 formed on the =en larged head 5I. The coil spring 51 normally urges the projection 64 into the bevelled recess 63 to lock the adjustable rotary head 43 in axial alignment with the head 29, elongated sleeve 22 and control shaft 56.

. isterwith said graduations `12 thereby facilitatguide 42 andthe key guide strips 45. If desired,

Qshims 49 maybe positioned along the edges of ,75-

ing angular adjustmentof the supporting collar I3 with respect to the horizontal so that in addition to the angularity of the adjustable head 43 the axis thereof may be tilted to project a compound angle by tilting the supporting co1- lar I3 the required amount. A set screw 14 lis threaded in the tubular support I3 and is provided at its outer end with a knurled thumbpiece 15 to facilitate locking the elongated sleeve 22 in an adjusted position to prevent rotation of the head 29 and adjustable head43', after the rotary head 29 has been shifted to a predetermined position. It is to be understood that the locking screw 'i4 may be released when moving the cutter 1I in an arcuate. path between the limits of the stop members 20 and 35 so that the head may be rotated by the hand Wheel 28 between said limits while the hand wheel 56 is rotated to shift said head from stations at the ends of said limits.

By reference to Figure 4 itwiu be see'n'that`r theccutaway portion 44 and between the bevelled the anglevto tangentradius dresserk is presented to a grindingfwheel16 mountedV on an arbor 11 andllheld in position by `a locking nut 18. The

29in a preset position.Y The knurled hand piece 58 Ais simply operated` to move-the adjustable rotary head 43,' tubular socket 68l andv diamond tool 'lvfinfa straightline' path asillustrated by the dottedv line; Obviously ifit is desired to cut a concave orl convex face on the grinding wheel 18,)they adjustablen head 43' ispositioned in centeredy relationv with respect tol the rotary head 2| andthe' t'ool supporting slide- 68 is moved above` or A below the axis of theY control shaft 58 tothe; desired amount to produce the curved convex orv concaveA surfaces onthe periphery of the grinding wheel.

By reference to Figure 3v it will be seen that the angle to tangent radius dresser is present ed to a grinding wheel 19 mounted on a suitable spindle 88 and said grinding wheel is provided with an angular peripheral surface 8| having converging walls at an angle of approximately 90 degrees. The cutter of the dresser 1|` is positioned at a pointY` directly below the axis of said grinding vwheel -19 Vto move in an angular direction ofV approximately 45 corresponding to the: angularposition of the head'43. By way of illustration, attention is directed to the projected view in Figure '74 wherein a grinding wheel similarjto the grinding wheel 19 is shown with faces angularly larranged' at approximately 90 as atv 8-2Y which would beV the resultant angle of dress if the tool is moved on a 45l angle'with respect to the center line of the grinding wheel. In Figure? thel linerepresent's the Vertical radius-of the wheeland-theline y-forms an included `angle therewith equal to thev angle of compensation which will hereinafter be more fully`r described. In the formation of certain work such-'as high speedcutting tools; it is desirous tocut Ya 'groove inthe tool-to form the cutting edges therefor and diverting from Figure 7 for a second 'and' referring to Figures 5 and 6, such a tool isillustrated as at 83. Let it be supposed that a groove is to be cut in one face of the cutting tool 83 so that the metal removed from a piece of work 84 will have a corresponding configuration 0r shape to the angularity of the cutting tool. In proceeding to form the groove 85 extending the length of the cutting tool 83, the piece of cutting tool steel 83 is placed upon a surface table beneath the grinding wheel 19 so that by moving the surface table longitudinally beneath the grinding Wheel there will be out a groove such as is shown in the tool steel 83 at 85 of the same shape and contour as the grinding Wheel and with the same relative arrangement or angularity between the walls 82 thereof. After the H. S. tool steel has been thus formed along one wall with a 90 degree groove 85 it is bevelled along' the top edgel as at 8B to provide a backing ofi and an acute point 81 adapted to be presented to the work 84. By reasonV of the heat generated during the cutting operation of the tool which partly passes into the work and into the tool steel, the cutter will stop cutting after a predetermined temperature is reached if operated above the surface speed of the particular metal. If the tool steel cutter 83 is slightly angled with respect to enceof approximately 7 degrees so that the aline tangent to the diameter of the work at an angle of Aapproximately '7` degrees, the'heat' is reduced so' that the cutting operation can` be Y carried out at a much faster rate of speed and close tov the; speed of the metal employed. When thev tool '83 is thusv angled, the depth of the groove- H as at 88 moves to the position shown at 89 so that instead of a 90 degree angular cut, one of approximately 84 degrees will result by reason of the projection from the points 88 to 89. In other words, when the tool 83 is tilted the required amount-for efficiency in thecutting operation, the groove v85 is altered by a differworkVV 84` insteadof being cut with a 90 degree groove will be out with a groove in which the walls areat an angle relative to one another of approximately 84 degrees.

Oviously, the angular walls 82 of the grinding wheel 19 must beground or dressed'sc as to cut ar groove such as is shown at 85 in a tool 83 at an angle greater than degrees so that when the tool 83 is angled with respect to the work 84, the prescribed angle will be cut therein with the walls thereof angled exactly 90 degrees. f

Iny order to compensate for the differences above, an angle is laid olf on the grinding wheel 'i9 as indicatedby the lineal! equal to the angle of inclination of the tool 83, and the radius to tangent dresser is angledV as shown in Figure 3 to cause thefcutter 1| tol move along the line z which intersects the linesa: and y inFigure '7 so that insteadof the walls 82 thereof being at an angle of 98- degrees they will be cut on an angle greater than 90 degrees as shown by the dot and dash line 98 in the projected section in Figure 7, Hence, the included angle between the walls 98 indicated by the dot and dash line will'be greater than.90

r degrees sothat the tool 83 will be cut with a groove having a corresponding angularity when on a flat surface. When the tool 83 is presented to the work 84 and tilted the required amount for mostI efficient operationpthe difference of the tool tilt brings the groove to the exact amount of Aangularity such as 90; degrees which is the angle of. the desiredv cut in the work 84.

The aboveexamples are explanatory for all angular positions of the rotary head 29 and in setting the/angle to tangent radius dresser the support I3 may be adjusted by manipulating the screw I5 so that the pointer 12 will register with a graduation 13 corresponding to the angle of tool tilt indicated in Figure 6. Of course, the rotary head 29 would be adjusted in the case of the above example to produce 90 degree related walls 82 so that the 45 degree marking on the graduations 31 would register with the Zero marking on the graduated plate 39 whereby manipulation of the hand wheel 56 would cause the adjustable head 43 to slide at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal. It is to be noted that the diamond point 1| of the tool 10 is positioned directly under the axis of the supporting shaft B8 so that the projected angular cut will be greater than 45 degrees by reason of the tilting of the grinding wheel dresser to a prescribed `amount in accordance with the tilting or angucomplicated mathematical deductions computedv by the usual for-mulafor a projected angle onan :cya ucoordinate axis Wherethe projectediangles equals the square rootrof z2 plus y? plusraz. 4

It is to be understo'dthatthe form of the v in vention herewith .shown and Vdescribed'is to bey taken as a `preferred embodimentlthereof and that various changes in the shape, sizel and arrangement of parts may bel resorted to Without departing from the spirit of the invention or the 1 scope of the subjoined claims.

What I claim is:

.1. A radius to tangent angle grinding Wheel dresser, comprising a base adapted to be positioned on the Work table of a grinding 4machine,

a support swiveled on said base to swing aboutva i horizontal axis, said support being arranged yin-v close relation to thegrinding Wheel of said grinding machine, a tubular control member journalled in said support and positioned in the same plane l as said grinding Wheel, a rotary toolsupporrting head on said tubular control member movable l about the vaxis of said tubular control member at 3. radiusytol tangent vangle grindingv vheel-A dresser, comprising a base adapted tocbe; posiv over said axis and on both sides thereof, individual control means for said heads to impart.rotary and; sliding movement thereto, a dressing tool carried by said slidable'head extending in the same plane.A

as said -grinding Wheel, and'indicating markings on said support .registrable Withgraduationsoneither of said control means. r

right angles to the axis of said support, a sliding head mounted on said rotary head, agrinding v i Wheel dressing tool carried by said sliding head,

and a control shaft extending through said tubular control member for imparting slidingmovei ment to said sliding head whereby said dressing tool maybe moved in an oblique plane on a compound angle wheny the support is swivelled on its base to a predetermined angular position.

2.*A radius to` tangent angle grinding Wheel dresser, Acomprising a base adapted to be positioned on a grinding machine having a grinding Wheel; a support swiveled on said base to move about a horizontal axis,v a control sleeve mounted in a borev in said support, a tool carrying head secured to said sleeve to rotate about a tiltable and adjustable axis at right angles to said first-mentioned'axis, position indicating-markings on said head and base for registry with indicating markings on said support', aV sliding head mounted on said rotary head movable diametrically across the axis thereof, and tool carried by said sliding head extending in the same plane as said grinding wheel and arranged so that tilting of said support to a predetermined angular-position I' and sliding movement of said sliding head will impartmove- I ment to said tool along a compound angular path.

saidy base so,l that the axis ofthe rotatable,toolJ carryinghead can be tiltedvto a predetermined. angular positionV to. impart compound l' angular movement to said dressing toolupon operationofA 4. .A-radius to tangent angle radius-dresser' for grindingv/heels, comprising a. base adapted to be Y supported on the work table of a grinding maf chine, an upright on said base having a bearingv portion at itsupper end lin close proximity to the grinding wheel of said grinding machine,`a tubular support journalled in said bearing portion-for adjustment'about a; horizontal axis, a rotaryfhead carried bylsaidsupport to move about anadjust-v able tiltable axis at rightangles to saidrst-Inen-f Y tioned axis, a sliding tool carrying head mountedj on'said rotary head, a dressing tool carried by said sliding head extendingparallel Withthe-last-y mentioned axis and. .in.,thesame' planeA as thegrinding Wheel-individual control mechanism for saidrotary and. sliding heads, a ypairof indicate,- ing'markings onthe tubular support for registry.

respectively with graduation markings;V on said.. ,rotary head and said. bearing portion of theupright, and locking devices for holding said'tubue-Y lar support and -rotary head in.tilted.predeter.

mined angular positions whereby operation ot.

said control mechanisms to impart sliding 'movement to said sliding head WillY cause said-dressing-l tool to be moved in a resultant direction depends.

Y ing upon the component angular positions of5said( tubular support and rotary head;

v EDWIN VANCE sTA'rIA', sa 

